Gravitational lensing


Principle



Curved space in General Relativity





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Some examples





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  First Einstein Ring (VLA) 


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When the lens is a cluser of galaxies






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  Detail: A very small, faint galaxy at  
  a distance of 13.4 billion light-years
! 




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background photo: The Andromeda Galaxy M31 (Credit: NOAO)
http://www.noao.edu/image_gallery/html/im0424.html